The Dreyfus Affair developed in part because a secret file was illegally given to the jury which found Alfred Dreyfus guilty in 1894. Some of the documents in this file, the contents of which is still not fully known today, were excerpted from an homosexual epistolary exchange between two foreign military attachés in Paris, Maximilian von Schwartzkoppen from Germany, and Alessandro Panizzardi from Italy. This paper shows that the homosexual character of the documents in the 1894 secret file was deliberately highlighted, and proposes a new reconstitution of the contents of this file. The authors also hypothesize that this homosexual character helped convince the jury to find Dreyfus guilty, in spite of the fact that Dreyfus himself was certainly not homosexual, because in the political-cultural context of the times, homophobia and antisemitism were often linked. The conclusion explores why this dimension of the Dreyfus Affair has been largely ignored to this day.