From 1846 to 1946, the French School of Archaeology in Athens played a crucial role in Franco-Greek cultural relations: it has promoted French culture in Greece, and also modern Greek culture in France. Yet if the former aspect had been institutionalized, such has never been the case with the latter: the French School did have an official mission of “€œcultural propaganda”€ in Greece, whereas the culture of modern Greece has only been unofficially promoted in France, by some members of the French School. In 1946, the creation of an autonomous Institution for French Studies in Athens put an end to one century of unequal cultural relations between France and Greece.